Woodworking Hand Tools Needed by a Professional Furniture Maker - Part3

In this article the last of the series of three, I am talkingworkshop, a rip point seems to work much more
about the last section of tools that a young apprenticeefficiently.
cabinetmaker would need to start off their collection ofNow you can be patriotic and you can go on
handtools. In previous weeks I've talked about planessupporting these old saw makers but there comes a
and chisels, marking and measuring tools and all thatday when somebody puts a saw in your hands that
remains now are two areas of hand tools that haveworks so much better, costs less than half as much,
changed most for the modern European cabinetyou have to think why am I beating my head against
maker - those of saws and routers.this brick wall.. Perhaps I should not continue to advise
There was a time when a cabinet makers toolkityou go on paying nearly £50 for British saw
would have half a dozen hand saws. He'd have twowhen there's the Japanese equivalent for £17.79
or three back saws, dovetail saw, a tenon saw,that does the job rather better straight out of the box.
maybe a coping saw. He would also have several longBut then I remember what they did to our motorcycle
saws, a rip saw, a cross cut saw, probably a coupleindustry.
of panel saws sharpened in different ways. Each ofNow the difficulty with these Japanese saws is they
these saws had a different purpose and would berequire a different technique. They cut on the pull
used for a different part of the job. Tool cataloguesstroke whereas European saws cut on the push. But
were full to busting of saw companies productsdon't they work beautifully. Two saws that seem to
boasting features like breasted tooth lines and taperhave found a home in our workshop are the
grinding .Doutsuki-Me which seems to be the equivalent of the
All this now is no more. In the modern cabinet makersEuropean dovetail saw and the professional Ryoba
workshop the bench saw has largely been replacedsaw. The Doutsuki-Me saw is a very fine light back
either by the small machine - like the table saw or thesaw with a long handle which makes the control
band saw, or by the portable hand tool such as the jigrelatively straight forward. But the problem everyone
saw or contractors circular saw. I don't propose tohad a few years ago with these saws was
look at power tools or machines in this article but willsharpening the wretched things. That has been
still concentrate on what is left, for what is left isovercome recently with the introduction of the
actually quite important. It will be a sad day when areplaceable blade. Nowadays the Doutsuki-Me saw is
cabinet maker can't actually pick up a saw and cut asold complete for just under £18 and a spare
piece of wood dead straight, trim the end of a tenonstandard blade for just over £10. I think Nick
or cut a mitre just shy of the line.tends to replace his saw blade maybe two or three
But sometimes it feels like that day isn't too far awaytimes a year which makes this quite an expensive
for so much of the sawing dimensioning ofsaw, but for the cabinetmaker this is a very important
components is done nowadays on the small machine.tool and one would spend whatever is necessary
It's so much easier to potter off away from the bench,within reason to achieve these results .
in our case go downstairs to a machine room andThe Ryoba saw also has a replaceable blade, but
buzz that little bit of wood off on the table saw. Cuttingdon't confuse replaceable in this context with the
it off by hand involves effort, energy and skill. It alsocheap throw away blades found European saws. This
involves a good saw. Now it saddens me that when Iis a saw made for the professional market. The saw
look in the tool catalogue these days, the saw sectionhas two cutting edges. The top edge has rip teeth with
which used to occupy a whole chapter is nowa finer set of teeth adjacent to the handle for starting
condensed down to two or three pages but it's stillthe cut while the other edge has cross cut teeth which
possible to buy an excellent saw , the trouble is itgives a very smooth clean cut. The centre of the
comes from Japan.blade is scraped out in the same way that old
Here at our Shebbear workshops I must admit thatfashioned panel saws had tapered round blades this is
we have allowed the "tools of the devil" to take over.done to help prevent the saws sticking in a deep cut. I
I've had Japanese chisels and waterstones in mymust admit that these "tools of the devil" have taken a
workshop for 20 or more years but Japanese sawslong time to arrive in my very conservative and
came when Nick Chandler and I got together 4 yearschauvinistic workshop. Even given my support for the
ago. I had never really taken to Japanese saws butBritish motorcycle industry I can't go on supporting
many of my students have used them with greatMessrs Roberts & Lee when the design and
success. Basically because when I started work I wasconstruction of their best saws seems to have
lucky enough to find myself a really good dovetail saw.deteriorated over time rather than improved.
This was a saw made by Roberts & Lee andNow we come to routers. The second area I want to
fitted with an open handle. For nearly twenty years Ilook at is the single tool that has changed cabinet
was advising students to buy similar Roberts &making in the last 25 years - that of the router. I must
Lee, Dorchester, dovetail saws. Now lots of myadmit that I hate routers. Not for what it's done to
students bought their 8 inch and 10 inch saws withcabinet making but for the bloody noise and mess they
beautiful walnut handles and lovely brass backs.make. They are filthy tools that create a fine dust that
They paid something approaching £50 for eachcovers the whole workshop in brown snow and admit
saw Just recently I decided to treat myself to a newa scream that would drive a Methodist to drink. As far
10 inch dovetail saw. A natural choice wasn't aas I'm concerned the only good router's a dead router.
Japanese rubbishy thing but the £49 RobertsHowever they are incredibly useful. A router is
& Lee, Dorchester, 590 walnut handled whizzoessentially a small portable machine centre, infinitely
dovetail saw. I thought it was British and I've had a sawversatile, used in a myriad of ways depending on your
like that for over 25 years. Fair to say I unhappy withtooling and ingenuity. We have five routers in the shop
my new saw I experienced myself the disappointmentat the moment and probably two are in if not constant
I had visited upon so many of my students. Thethen in intermittent use most of the time
thickness of the saw plate was roughly similar to myThe most useful is a small router and I think the small
old dovetail saw. The quality and weight of the brassrouter would be the only I would recommend a
back was if anything a little heavier, which is probablybeginner to buy first. The large router is a bit of a brute
appropriate for a slightly longer saw. The way that thebut eventually you will need a large router as well as a
handle was fitted to the back and blade assemblysmall one. Of the small routers today available on the
was loose and sloppy. Even with the blade tightenedmarket the choice in the professional workshop seems
as much as I could there was a gap of a quarter of ato be between the Dewalt DW6201K and the Trend
millimetre on either side where my old saw was tightT5. Both these routers have variable speed and a
and snug. Why in this age when such wonderful featsproven track record. I think the Dewalt weighs in at
of engineering can be accomplished as a manner of£212 while the Trend costs £159 including
course by robots can we not make a back saw witha metal box. I think if I were buying a new router today
a decently fitting wooden handle. When it came toI would probably go for the Trend T5 but then this is
using the saw I was prepared for a tussle.because it's so similar to my old Elu router that I would
Dovetail saws come with a crosscut sharpening andfeel at home and comfortable with it.
wide set that means they don't really function veryA new router in the larger category which found a
well especially ripping dry hardwood. What with all theplace in our affections most recently is the Freud
saws I've helped students set up over the years IFT2000VCE. This is a half inch router with loads of
learnt how to get these little saws running reasonablygrunt but it comes equipped with a very accurate and
well. It involves firstly taking a cloth soaked in thinnersnice to use fine depth adjuster which makes it very
to the blade and removing most of the gunk thatuseful for fitting underneath a router table. This is one
manufacturers leave on the blade to protect it fromof the major uses in this workshop of this kind of big
rust whilst it is in the shop. Once you've done this it'srouter. This place isn't really the place to discuss the
necessary to slightly stone off some of the set appliedmerit of each particular model of router. One point I
to the saw. A dovetail saw is a precision instrumentwould like to stress is the way a small hand held router
the way these saws are set in the factory is to myusually with a quarter inch collet has really become a
mind much too coarse.key hand tool in the cabinet makers tool box. Rather
A good dovetail saw should cut a nice fine kerf andthan filling his tool box with half sets of molding planes,
you can only achieve this by stoning off some of thethe young cabinet maker will be gathering together
set by running a fine stone down either side of theassorted set of router bits of different sizes and
blade or as I used to do tapping the set back with ashapes and qualities.
small hammer on an anvil. This can get the sawOur toolkit series is complete but this is just the start of
running reasonably well but what it really needs is a fullthe process of assembling your set of tools . It seems
re-sharpen and that's best accomplished by taking ato me that the professional is always seeking to have
small saw file and filing a 90 degree to the saw bladethe best tools available not the most tools. We always
just one stroke per tooth. I think that dovetail sawsseem to seek to replace that irritating plane with a
when sharpened new are sharpened in cross cutbetter one or with something that will do the job better.
fashion when really most of the action, certainly in ourLike a better dovetail saw.